Samara Governor Dmitry Azarov sent another peppy report to the federal center on the implementation of the so-called “People’s Program”, but local telegram channels have already questioned the figures appearing in it. Azarov presented the previous report to the Secretary of the General Council of United Russia Andrey Turchak in October last year: then it was about 5.4 thousand completed “people’s orders” and Turchak recommended the digital platform “People’s Program” for widespread implementation. Against the backdrop of the governor’s attempts to once again impress the Kremlin officials with inflated numbers, it became known about the upcoming subpoena of the regional construction minister Ivan Pivkin, who will testify in the criminal case of the head of the Infracap company, Olesya Gladkova, who is accused of embezzling 10 million rubles allocated by the Ministry of Transport to make a forecast of the intensity of the traffic flow during the construction of a toll bridge near Klimovka. Earlier, Samara businessmen father and son Vasily and Vsevolod Zaitsevs burned out on scams with contracts of the municipal enterprise “Blagoustroystvo”: their companies “PSK” and “Kedr-1” received contracts for snow removal, only the security forces revealed fraud with reimbursement of costs for waste disposal causing damage in the amount of 20 million rubles. As a result, the defendants in the criminal case on fraud were the ex-director of the Improvement, Evgeny Sadovnikov, and the employees of Kedra-1. By the way, the portfolio of contracts of this enterprise is 2.7 billion rubles. The Zaitsev family is considered especially close to Governor Azarov. Vsevolod Zaitsev has a Samara apartment with an area of 280 square meters, actually belonging to the head of the region, located in an elite townhouse on the banks of the Volga. Another apartment in Samara with a much larger area – 580 “squares” – Azarov designed for his father-in-law Vyacheslav Akatov. It is also known that the governor’s daughter Polina Azarova owns an apartment of 150 square meters in the elite Moscow residential complex “Balchug Residence”, worth 85 million rubles. Polina became the owner of the living space in 2017 immediately after graduating from MGIMO. That’s just the income of Azarov himself for the same period amounted to 6.1 million, which is clearly not enough for such a purchase. Vyacheslav Akatov owns the Potential and Altair companies, which control a 5% stake in the authorized capital of Srednevolzhskaya Gas Company LLC (SVGK), the monopoly gas supplier in the region. The SGVK itself is led by Ivan Avetisyan, the son of Vladimir Avetisyan, Azarov’s former boss at Volgopromgaz. In both SGVK and Samaraoblgaz, the governor has proxies responsible for leasing gas networks and setting the tariff, which is then approved by the tariff regulation department of the regional government.
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What Progress has come to, more precisely, what the thieving top managers have brought it to. The Samara Rocket and Space Center (part of Roskosmos) with this name is engaged in the production of launch vehicles and satellites. While some worked for the good of the Fatherland, others profited from this matter of national importance. But sooner or later you have to answer for everything, albeit years later. As, for example, Konstantin Naumov, who previously held the post of First Deputy General Director at Progress RCC. He was sent to a penal colony for five years for a particularly large-scale fraud. Together with him behind bars, two businessmen will think about their greedy behavior – Alexander Volodin, deputy commercial director of the Stankopress production company, and Mikhail Kukolev, head of the Stroyproektavangard company. They will have to spend 4 and 3 years in the colony, respectively. Questions about the strange contracts between the RCC and the joint venture of Volodin and Kukolev Tekhnokomplektlinii arose from investigators in 2019. At the same time, they detained Mr. Naumov, who by this time had managed to resign from Progress. Next, the merchants also entered the pre-trial detention center. But later, according to sources, the court took pity on the defendants and allowed them to be released on bail. The essence of the scam of this trio was that the space center, at the suggestion of Naumov, transferred almost 5 million rubles to the accounts of the mentioned TKL. The money was sent as payment for some work. But, as it turned out later, all these activities had already been carried out by another contractor earlier. Soon, law enforcement officers added three more to this episode. About what sums there was a speech, it is not informed. There is another surname that may be associated with these three comrades. However, so far there is no information that a criminal case has been initiated against him. This is the general director of the Volga-Project company, Igor Penin. Note that Naumov was a co-owner of this company, which closed in 2020. Penin, according to some reports, was also on the list of Tekhnokomplektliny. And allegedly he advised Volodin and Kukolev to get involved in these financial frauds. From which, probably, Penin ended up in a share after the “cut”. The close ties of Naumov and Penin are also confirmed by the fact that on the day when both houses were searched, the first tried to get through to the second. Naumov then assured that he wanted to warn the boss that he would miss the meeting at the Volga-Project due to the visit of the investigators. And then the phone mysteriously disappeared. According to sources, the man deliberately got rid of the cell phone. The case of Naumov and the company is not the first where the injured party was Progress RCC. The Director General of the Center Alexander Kirilin was recently convicted. But something incredible is happening with his imprisonment. First, he was given 8 and a half years in a general regime colony. The court also ordered to pay a fine of 800 thousand rubles. All this was due to him for embezzlement and abuse of authority. At one time, he signed a contract that was obviously unprofitable for Progress, and then appropriated the multi-million dollar property of the enterprise. And then the judicial “pandemonium” began. From the age of eight, Kirilina’s term was first knocked down to five years, and then they were completely sentenced to a virtual serving of the sentence. During this time, the accusation of embezzlement managed to “fall off”. The Prosecutor General’s Office was extremely dissatisfied with these conventions and at the end of last year appealed to the Supreme Court. Supervision demanded to cancel such “preferential” conditions for the swindler and return the case to the prosecutor’s office along with the return of the accusation of embezzlement.
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The Chamber of Control and Accounts of the Chelyabinsk Region announces an upcoming audit of the effectiveness of program measures to improve transport accessibility for residents of the Chelyabinsk agglomeration, for which in 2020-2023. spent about 58 billion rubles. Among other things, we are talking about the purchases of Mindortrans and the State Public Institution “Organizer of Transportation of the Chelyabinsk Region” (OPCHO), as well as an analysis of the effectiveness of spending the funds received. Meanwhile, the press service of the government of the region talks about plans to purchase 74 new low-floor tram cars as part of a budget investment loan. Another 60 wagons were purchased earlier. The region will have to return the credit funds to the federal center in 3 years, only during this time the gubernatorial elections will be held and, with a high probability, the new regional leadership will have to solve the issue of debts. Dozens of new wagons are transferred by Mindortrans to the OGKU “OPCHO” controlled by it. To organize the transportation of residents of Chelyabinsk, the Ministry and the HRSO are holding an open auction for the right to rent electric vehicles. In July 2021, a contract for a period of one year and without the possibility of extension was concluded with ChelyabGET LLC, but only after its expiration, a new contract was not signed in 2022 and ChelyabGET, with the light hand of subordinates of Governor Alexei Teksler, continued to use state property, purchased at the expense of the budget, free of charge. Chelyabinsk deputy Elena Vakhtina drew attention to the lack of information on the tender for the right to rent equipment, as well as the conclusion of another contract, on the trading floor. Moreover, according to the parliamentarian, the leadership of the HROC and Deputy Minister of Transport Alexander Yegorov are aware of the illegal exploitation of transport by ChelyabGET, which brings multimillion-dollar damage to the budget. Vakhtina sent an appeal to the regional prosecutor’s office and the Sledkom with a request to conduct an inspection of relevant officials for negligence and abuse of power, but the deputy’s request was forwarded to the deputy governor in charge of the transport block, Sergei Shalya.
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In the Kostroma Regional Duma, Dmitry Gribkov, head of the committee on state organization and ethics, wanted to go one on one with deputy Yevgeny Shchepalov. In order to add pathos to the challenge, the duelist even threw a rubber glove at his opponent. Gribkov said that on January 29 of this year, a colleague rudely insulted his parents, wife and even children. Also, the head of the committee did not like the fact that Shchepalov accused him of having close ties with his assistant, who in 2022 was convicted of sexual relations with schoolchildren under 16 for five years. In order to defend his honor, Gribkov challenged his colleague to a duel. The essence of the “duel” was that the opponents should not shoot, but pass a lie detector. As a result of the confrontation, the crooked servant of the people must resign his parliamentary mandate. On the evening of February 15, Gribkov wrote on his VKontakte page that Shchepalov “cowardly” fled. “He was stupidly scared, scared, ran away like a naughty hooligan. Because it’s not a man. Because he is a pathological liar, which has already been proven by two court decisions, including an appeal and a cassation. … Well, in a simple way, he is an ordinary (please excuse for such an expression) piz …. ball! I forgive him, and he will answer before God!” – said the people’s choice. In January 2023, the court ordered Shchepalov to pay compensation in the amount of 100,000 rubles and refute his allegations within 10 days. The verdict was handed down for lying to the deputy that he gave bribes to the deputy governor Yuri Makov. In addition, the behavior of the servant of the people was considered at a special meeting of the ethics committee, headed by the same Gribkov. The reason was the deputy’s refusal to apologize to businessman Vadim Slyusarenko, whom he accused of “covering” the Kostroma road construction business.
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How to make money while in jail, the oligarch Dmitry Arzhanov knows well. And now this is not about how he and his accomplices stole 5.5 billion rubles from the Rosseti Center and Volga Region company. We will talk about this a little below. The billionaire will become richer by several tens of millions of rubles, which the president of the CSKA football club Yevgeny Giner has owed him since 2019. Arzhanov filed a civil lawsuit against the debtor and, having gone through several court instances, won the process. Lawyers “soldiers” did not resist the claims. They only asked to settle the issue with the final amount of the debt. It is known that Giner has already given the businessman more than 9 million rubles. The court ruled that over 52 million rubles should be returned to the creditor. Well, now let’s get back to the essence of Arzhanov’s more global earnings, which have a criminal past. A few years ago, the billionaire was a shareholder of the TNS Energy holding. It was one of the largest independent energy retail companies in the market. She held a 6% stake. But the oligarch and his accomplices in the person of TNS General Director Sergey Afanasyev and his wife Sofya, who managed the subsidiaries in the holding, Boris Shchurov, executive director of TNS energo Nizhny Novgorod, and Jamil Dashin, head of the Interregional Energy Retail Company, apparently did not want to work honestly . Then they decided to cut down the cash on a grand scale, deceiving Rosseti Center and Volga Region by 5.5 billion rubles. The investigation lasted over two years. And now it has come to an end. The results of the investigation for the accomplices are disappointing. This is due to the fact that everyone, except Dashin, is charged with a “weighting” article – participation in a criminal community using his official position. And this is in addition to the original article about a particularly large fraud. Dashin, who actively cooperated with the investigation, received house arrest. Sofia Afanasyeva also enjoys limited freedom, while the rest continue to exist in the pre-trial detention center. The scam consisted in the fact that for several years TNS sent documents to Rosseti about persistent non-payers for electricity. In fact, subscribers regularly paid their bills, but then their money flowed to the accounts of fraudsters, including foreign ones. In order to partially cover the damage caused by the oligarchic group, the court seized their property worth more than 2.5 billion rubles. This included shares, real estate and cars of the accused.
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The federally operating medical holding “Invitro” is 100% owned by the Cypriot offshore “Invitro Holding ltd”, the original owners of which were the founder of the distribution company “OMB” and the investment company “Medme” Valentin Doronichev and his business partners Vladimir Kulikovsky and Alexander Ostrovsky. Today, offshore shares may belong to the American non-public fund “Siguler Guff & Company” through its “subsidiary” structure “Russia Partners”. The founder of the foundation, George Siguler, is an analyst at the RAND Corporation, which fulfills orders from the Pentagon and other American departments, and a member of the board of the Carnegie Endowment. To optimize and reduce the cost of transporting biological materials, Invitro resorts to the services of “non-core” transport companies, which can result not only in logistics errors, but also in the disclosure of patients’ personal data. Such structures, in particular, include Yamshchik LLC, which has repeatedly appeared in scandals with poor-quality services for the transportation of biomaterials, with litigation and terminated contracts. The official founder and CEO of Yamshchik is Kristina Pyanykh, but businessman Andrey Slyusarev is called the actual beneficiary of the company. The latter owns Zdorovye Plus LLC and Zdorovye Plus Kaluga LLC, Invitro’s medical offices, apparently operating on a franchise basis. Legally, Slyusarev is not on the staff of any of the holding’s structures. Nevertheless, it is known that his wife Olesya is a member of the founding board of four companies providing medical services under the Invitro brand: MDC, Zdorovye Plus YKT, Zdorovye Plus Bryansk and Zdorovye Plus Orel. In addition, the businessman’s mother is the head of MDC LLC, one of the Invitro medical offices; previously, she was listed as the founder of the Health Plus company, today registered with Slyusarev himself. It is significant that in a number of regions (for example, in the Bryansk region), local authorities provide Invitro offices with licenses for the operation of collection points literally on the day of application. Recently, information has appeared about the plans of the co-owners of the holding to sell the business, the cost of which they estimate at 70-80 billion rubles. To this end, there can be exponential cost reductions and an increase in company revenues. As a result, the new owner will have to face not only the difference in officially declared and actual indicators, but also a possible investigation of corruption crimes. Meanwhile, one of the founders of Invitro and its CEO Alexander Ostrovsky settled in New York, and his wife Natalya Muzychkina moved to Riga, from where she opposes the SVO and supports pro-Ukrainian festivals.
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Svyaznoy is ready to go bankrupt. His total credit debt amounted to approximately 15 billion rubles. The retailer’s management is planning a restructuring and is looking for a new investor. At the same time, the activities of the chain of stores will not stop – purchases continue. As it became known, Set Svyaznoy LLC applied to the arbitration court with a bankruptcy petition. The lenders include, among others, Alfa-Bank, Sovcombank, Vimpelcom, Citilink, RB Factoring LLC (controlled by Rosbank), electronics supplier Merlion. In total, about 80 lawsuits were filed against the company last year. The representatives of Svyaznoy themselves are reluctant to comment on the ongoing processes. In 1995, Maxim Nogotkov created the Maxus company, which soon became Svyaznoy. In 2014, Oleg Malis (Solvers company) became the controlling shareholder. In 2018, Svyaznoy merged with Euroset, as a result of which Megafon received 25% in the network, but four years later it sold them, according to rumors, to Malis. Now the Svyaznoy network is owned by the Cypriot offshore DTSRetail LTD for 69% and Euroset Holding NV with a Dutch residence permit. More than 2.6 thousand retailer stores in Russia earned more than 100 billion rubles in 2021 with a net profit of 15 million. Alfa-Bank does not hide the amount of Svyaznoy’s debt – more than 8 billion rubles. Sovcombank expects to recover the entire amount of the debt without voicing the figures. Other creditors refrain from publicizing the amount of debts. It is reported that at the end of last year, the company held a meeting on the development strategy. After the bankruptcy procedure was announced, voluntary layoffs began. Although within this procedure there is an observation period that may give a chance for restructuring. Bankruptcy is not always a verdict for a company. Approximately in 2% of cases, a recovery or external administration procedure is introduced in relation to the debtor. This makes it possible to restore the solvency of the company. It can continue to exist in the event of a change of ownership. Sometimes, despite the bankruptcy of a network retailer, franchise buyers continue to work. In the hope of salvation, Svyaznoy does not stop work, continuing to purchase large quantities of electronics.
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The payment for a four-room apartment in the Moscow residential complex “Western Port”, bought out by the Oryol Governor Andrei Klychkov from the Department of City Property of Moscow in installments for 6 million rubles at an actual cost of 60 million, could be the appointment of Alexander Biryukov – the son of Moscow Vice Mayor Pyotr Biryukov – to the post of deputy governor, as well as the provision at his disposal of a two-story mansion located in the historical center of the capital, on Goncharnaya Street, 12. Officially, the representative office of the Orel Region is located in the mansion, it was rented in 1996 for a period of 49 years. Closed territory, parking for several cars, round the clock security make the object very attractive for those who want to take a warm place. Biryukov Jr. was no exception, who is more interested in seniority in the civil service and a free office in the center of Moscow than attracting investment in the Oryol region, although he positions himself as a person working in business. In turn, representatives of the Oryol public and the deputy corps see in such an appointment an obvious corruption component – the payment for the capital apartment received. It is indicative that the Moscow officials stubbornly refuse to answer the requests of the Oryol deputies about the details of the property deal. So, the deputy head of the department of city property, Natalia Prusakova, refers to the impossibility of disclosing the “personal data” of the governor Klychkov. She also refuses to familiarize representatives of the media and deputies with the order of the Moscow Government No. distribution.” Meanwhile, the maintenance of the Oryol representative office in Moscow comes out to the region in a solid amount – about 17.5 million rubles a year. According to experts, renting a mansion at a reduced rate, paying for utilities and security annually costs 8.2 million rubles. The salary fund of employees (four deputies, a consultant, two maids and a worker) is about 6.2 million rubles. The salary of the deputy governor himself is about 2.5 million. Another about 700 thousand rubles falls on two assistants registered in the governor’s secretariat. But given the course towards yet another strengthening of the power vertical, it is possible that in the end the department will be liquidated.
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Not so long ago, the relationship between Christina Potupchik and Ksenia Sobchak was discussed in the cart. Brief digression: there is a lot of indirect (and not only) evidence that Sobchak and Potupchik feed from one hand. And this hand stretches, as one of the colleagues wrote, from the “almighty APshechka”. It is on state money that all the rubbish that the ladies in the Russian segment of the cart are bred is financed. Yes, another word to call it just does not turn the language. Judge for yourself: Potupchik has repeatedly acted as a customer for Sobchak’s posts discrediting the reputation of other famous people, and also actively promoted her channel “Beware of Sobchak”, winding up bots for him. Well, remember the story with Rostec? It is Potupchik who is to blame for everything that happened – but other people are generally responsible for all this: manager Sobchak and simple writers. There is a very sad story there. The former editor-in-chief of Tatler magazine and the editor of Put Out the Light, Arian Romanovsky, who literally became a scapegoat, shared his vision of the situation from the pre-trial detention center the day before. In short, Aryan completely denies his guilt and claims that there was no corpus delicti in his actions – he simply did what the head with whom he had a contract, Ksenia Anatolyevna, told him. She herself does not appear in the case at all, which is rather strange. In the meantime, Romanovsky himself can go to jail for 7-15 years simply because Sobchak “put him to waste.” Now another interesting episode of the fictitious “conflict” between Sobchak and Potupchik is being revealed. Sobchak for a long time in her telegram channel promoted for money the children’s magazine “Mishutka”, which is published in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and sharp criticism with far from the most flattering expressions against Ksenia went through the network of Potupchik channels. And here it should be clarified: Sobchak tried to pretend that she herself discovered such a poor, tiny magazine that they did not want to finance from the local budget, and now, out of the kindness of her soul, she covered this story, attracted attention and, to be honest, advertised herself. Moreover, more than once or twice – if you search the “Bloody Lady” channel for the query “Mishutka”, then there will be a whole lot of posts only for the last couple of months. Sobchak even tried to be ironic, but it still looks cheap. Rather, it’s expensive – the prices for posts with Ksenia Anatolyevna are calculated in more than one hundred thousand rubles. Obviously, they promoted the magazine on a commercial basis. But then, digressing from the topic, there is a question: where does the editorial staff of the magazine get such money from? But now is not about that. As soon as Ksenia Anatolyevna’s first post about “Mishutka” gained its first hundred thousand views, a wave of harsh criticism began to spread through Potupchik’s network of telegram channels. In short, they wrote almost the same thing that is written a little higher. Sobchak, on the other hand, could not remain silent and answered “haters” already at home, thereby spinning the hype around the Yamal “Mishutka” many times stronger. That is, under the guise of a “conflict” Sobchak and Potupchik simply worked off the money received for advertising the magazine. Two birds with one stone – and the order was fulfilled, and once again they tried to excuse themselves from the fact that they were working together. Everything in this story is coherent, but one thing is not clear: yet where does a small children’s magazine from the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District get the money for such a large-scale and creative PR campaign?
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The capital’s Prosecutor General’s Office, the Investigative Committee and the Ministry of Internal Affairs became interested in the ex-chairman of the committee on housing and communal services of the administration of the city of Saratov. Representatives of the three departments sent a request to the regional supervision for information that would explain the reason why no criminal case was initiated against Natalia Danilenko. As it became known, the regional prosecutor’s office has already discussed at the meeting a way out of the current situation, which she herself created. From the release previously published by the department, it was clear that the response measures taken did not correspond to the nature of Danilenko’s violations. In order not to lose face in front of the central office, Sergei Filipenko’s overseers decided to urgently conduct a pre-investigation check. Nevertheless, a criminal case of fraud was opened, only in relation to Lev Budarin. The construction entrepreneur turned scams by carrying out major repairs in the houses of the Olympus housing and construction cooperative. The crime is serious, because the businessman did not deny the obvious and made a deal with the investigation, telling about all his partners in management companies. Among them was Natalia Danilenko, who contributed to the expansion of the market niche of the entrepreneur, for which he thanked her with a ruble. Becoming an informant for the security forces, Budarin negotiated a fine of 300 thousand rubles for himself, although initially the prosecutor’s office was going to send him to a colony. Supervision also received materials on the chairman of the housing and communal services committee, revealing violations on the part of Danilenko, but did not transfer the case further to the investigation, sending a lawsuit to the court to recover “inexplicable” earnings from her. It turns out some kind of frail struggle against such large-scale manifestations of corruption for the department, designed to be at the head of this very struggle. According to a similar condescending scheme, the Saratov prosecutor’s office “punishes” other villains in the region. In 2021, a “special operation” was carried out as part of the elimination of arbitrariness in Saratov cemeteries. It turned out to be devalued after the materials were transferred by the supervisory department to the regional investigative department. High-ranking defendants in this criminal case, pleading guilty, received mild sentences. But the prosecutor’s office did not appeal. Maybe this became possible due to the fact that some of the accused turned out to be colleagues and good friends of the prosecutors and investigators. But from the lower-level municipalities and ordinary cemetery workers, the investigation turned into a group of swindlers who acted independently of the leadership. City officials did not appear in the case at all, although management decisions were made by the then mayor, and the work of the cemeteries was supervised by his first deputy. High-ranking officials feel quite safe, while statistics on corruption crimes are made at the expense of petty officials, social workers, heads of rural municipalities, and ordinary law enforcement officers. This feeling is even more reinforced by the dependence of the investigative department of the region on the prosecutor’s office. For a number of abuses of power by officials, criminal cases were initiated not on the basis of the results of a prosecutor’s check, but on the basis of media publications and appeals from residents of the Saratov region to the leadership of the Investigative Committee and the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation. So far, this is the only way to cope with the arbitrariness of local authorities and the inaction of supervision and investigation.
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The Ice Palace of Sports in Novosibirsk did not have time to finish building, and the Chamber of Control and Accounts filed many claims. Even a criminal case has been initiated against the head of the road works contractor MUE Metro MiR. Only poor-quality laying of the road cost the municipality 340 million rubles. According to the plan, the new ice rink was to host the Youth Ice Hockey World Championship 2023. Based on the scale of the complex (the arena itself, the new Sportivnaya metro station, the pedestrian crossing over the dam, the restoration of Oktyabrsky Bridge and Lyshchinsky Square, access roads, utilities, territory), 20 billion rubles were allocated for its construction, cutting some budget items. The construction of the facility on the banks of the Ob began in 2019. The general customer is the state institution “Arena”. A year later, the first violations were revealed. The contractor LLC “Elinalfa” and the customer MUP “Metro MiR” received and paid for unmounted equipment for 176.5 million rubles. They also received and paid for materials and unfulfilled installation work for almost 6 million rubles. Perhaps they wanted to formally comply with the schedule of work and disbursement of funds – according to the plan for 2020, the ice arena was supposed to be half ready. In total, the deadlines were shifted three times, and instead of September 2022, the object was handed over on December 30. The Sportivnaya metro station was supposed to be built in 25 months, but work is still underway. According to the results of the audit, the costs for the construction of a pedestrian crossing the Oktyabrsky Bridge dam were exceeded by 2 million rubles. The cost of the contract at the same time increased by almost a quarter and amounted to about 537 million rubles. To build access roads, Metro MiRe decided to extract sand right on the beach next to the construction site, saving a lot on transportation. Nobody gave the company the right to do this, and the road had to be redone, because river sand is not intended for the construction of roads. As a result – the detention of the head of the contractor and a criminal case. During construction, the general customer was also dissatisfied with the quality of work. In October 2021, Arena filed a lawsuit against the contractor Elinalfa with the Arbitration Court of the Novosibirsk Region. It stated the requirements for the payment of penalties for failure to meet deadlines, as well as provide an analysis of the circumstances hindering the work. The court dismissed the claim, fined the institution itself for failing to meet deadlines for work by 106 million rubles. Nevertheless, the large Ice Palace has been commissioned and is functioning. It will become the base for the hockey club “Siberia” and on February 21 the first match will take place.
The “Ring” Is Shrinking Around Petr Kondrashev
After the court ruled to return 89% of the shares of SMZ to the state, troubles began for those who...